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'Refugees' by Martin Monnickendam, 1936
Collection Jewish Historical Museum, Amsterdam

Historical context

  • Foreign Office
  • Diplomacy and Persecution

Background

  • The persecution of Jews
  • The life of German Jews
  • The migration of German Jews
  • Dutch refugee policy
  • The reception of German Jews

Dossiers

  • The AA and the Final Solution
  • The Évian Conference
  • Debate on the refugee issue
  • German intellectuals in exile
  • The ‘Feldscher Action’
  • Refugees as returnees
  • The Kristallnacht
  • Webs of informants
  • Protests in the Netherlands
  • Austrian jews after the Anschluss
  • Sweden as Schutzmacht
The German Legation

Hebreeuwse vertaling

Until 1940 the Auswärtige Amt had a legation in The Hague, where Count Julius von Zech-Burkersroda was stationed, and consulates in, amongst other places, Amsterdam, Arnhem, Dordrecht, Groningen, Harlingen, Maastricht, Nijmegen, Rotterdam, Venlo, Vlissingen, IJmuiden and Zevenaar.

 

Through these representations the Auswärtige Amt promoted the interests of Germany in general and of German residents in the Netherlands. The activities ranged from personal issues relating to visas and suchlike to political, economic and cultural matters.

 

After 1934 they also included passing on information about German migrants (Jews/communists). In 1940 after the establishment of Seyss-Inquart’s civil administration, the diplomatic infrastructure was abandoned and Otto Bene was appointed Vertreter des Auswärtige Amt beim Reichkommissar fürbesetzten niederländischen Gebiete (Representative of the Auswärtige Amt for Occupied Dutch Territory).

 

  • F. Berber, Jahrbuch für Auswärtige Politik. 1939 (Berlin 1939) 396-402.
 

German Organisations

  • Abteilung D
  • NSDAP Foreign Branch
  • The German Legation
  • Gestapo
  • Territory II
  • Reich Security Main Office
  • Reich Commission
  • Schutzstaffel (SS)
  • Security service
  • Security police

Key figures

  • Johan W. Albarda
  • Otto Bene
  • Count von Zech-Burkersroda
  • Hendrikus Colijn
  • Adolf Eichmann
  • Carel M.J.F. Goseling
  • Franz Rademacher
  • Josef R.H. van Schaik
  • Eberhard von Thadden
  • Horst Wagner